Isingeniso ku-Common Microbial Culture Media (I)

Isingeniso ku-Common Microbial Culture Media (I)

I-Culture medium iwuhlobo lwe-matrix yezakhi ezixubene ezilungiselelwe ngokuvela ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ngokuya ngezidingo zokukhula kwamagciwane ahlukahlukene, asetshenziselwa isiko noma ukuhlukanisa amagciwane ahlukahlukene.Ngakho-ke, i-matrix yomsoco kufanele ibe nemisoco (okuhlanganisa umthombo wekhabhoni, umthombo we-nitrogen, amandla, usawoti we-inorganic, izici zokukhula) kanye namanzi angasetshenziswa ama-microorganisms.Kuye ngohlobo lwama-microorganisms kanye nenjongo yokuhlolwa, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene nezindlela zokulungiselela zemidiya yamasiko.

Eminye imidiya yesiko elijwayelekile ekuhlolweni kwethulwa kanje:

I-nutritional agar medium:

I-nutrient agar medium isetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa kanye nesiko lamabhaktheriya avamile, ukuze kunqunywe inani eliphelele lebhaktheriya, ukulondolozwa kwezinhlobo zebhaktheriya kanye nesiko elihlanzekile.Izithako eziyinhloko yilezi: inkomo yenkomo, i-yeast extract, i-peptone, i-sodium chloride, i-agar powder, amanzi acwecwe.I-Peptone kanye nenyama yenkomo powder inikeza i-nitrogen, i-vitamin, i-amino acid nemithombo ye-carbon, i-sodium chloride ingagcina ukucindezeleka kwe-osmotic okulinganiselayo, futhi i-agar iyi-coagulant yesiko lamasiko.

I-agar enomsoco iwuhlobo oluyisisekelo kakhulu lwe-culture medium, equkethe iningi lezakhamzimba ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwamagciwane.I-agar enomsoco ingasetshenziselwa isiko lebhaktheriya elivamile.

I-Blood agar medium:

I-Blood agar medium iwuhlobo lwenyama yenkomo ekhipha i-peptone medium equkethe igazi lesilwane elingenasici (ngokuvamile igazi likanogwaja noma igazi lezimvu).Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwezakhi ezihlukahlukene ezidingekayo ukuze kutshalwe amagciwane, kungase futhi kunikeze i-coenzyme (njenge-factor V), i-heme (i-factor X) nezinye izici ezikhethekile zokukhula.Ngakho-ke, indlela yesiko legazi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlakulela, ukuhlukanisa nokugcina ama-microorganisms athile e-pathogenic afuna ukudla okunomsoco.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-blood agar ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kwe-hemolysis.Phakathi nenqubo yokukhula, amanye amagciwane angakhiqiza i-hemolysin ukuze aphule futhi ahlakaze amangqamuzana egazi abomvu.Lapho zikhula epuleti legazi, izindandatho ze-hemolytic ezikhanyayo noma ezishintshayo zingabonwa eduze kwekoloni.I-pathogenicity yamagciwane amaningi ihlobene nezici ze-hemolytic.Ngenxa yokuthi i-hemolysin ekhiqizwa amabhaktheriya ahlukene ihlukile, umthamo we-hemolytic nawo uhlukile, futhi ukwenzeka kwe-hemolysis epuleti legazi nakho kuhlukile.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-hemolysis kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhomba amagciwane.

I-TCBS medium:

I-TCBS iyi-thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose agar medium.Ukuhlukaniswa okukhethiwe kwe-pathogenic vibrio.I-Peptone kanye ne-yeast extract kusetshenziswa njengezakhi eziyisisekelo endaweni yesiko ukuhlinzeka ngomthombo we-nitrogen, umthombo wekhabhoni, amavithamini nezinye izici zokukhula ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwamagciwane;Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-sodium chloride kungahlangabezana nezidingo zokukhula kwe-halophilic ye-vibrio;I-Sucrose njengomthombo wekhabhoni evutshelwayo;I-sodium citrate, indawo ephezulu ye-pH ye-alkaline kanye ne-sodium thiosulfate kuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane amathumbu.I-cow bile powder kanye ne-sodium thiosulfate kuvimbela ngokuyinhloko ukukhula kwamagciwane e-gram-positive.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-sodium thiosulfate inikeza umthombo wesulfure.Lapho kukhona i-ferric citrate, i-hydrogen sulfide ingatholwa ngamabhaktheriya.Uma kukhona amagciwane akhiqiza i-hydrogen sulfide, kuzokwenziwa inzika emnyama epuletini;Izinkomba ze-TCBS medium ziyi-bromocresol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ne-thymol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuyizinkomba ze-acid base.I-Bromocresol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iyinkomba ye-acid-base enobubanzi bokushintsha kwe-pH obungu-3.8 (ophuzi) ukuya ku-5.4 (oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).Kunezigaba ezimbili zokuguquguquka kombala: (1) ububanzi be-asidi yi-pH 1.2 ~ 2.8, eshintshayo ukusuka kokuphuzi ukuya kokubomvu;(2) Ububanzi be-alkali bungu-pH 8.0~9.6, bushintsha ukusuka kokuphuzi ukuya kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

I-TSA ushizi we-soybean peptone agar medium:

Ukwakhiwa kwe-TSA kufana nalokho kwe-agar enomsoco.Ngokwezinga likazwelonke, ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa ukuhlola amagciwane okuhlalisa emakamelweni ahlanzekile (izindawo) zemboni yezokwelapha.Khetha iphoyinti lokuhlola endaweni ezohlolwa, vula ipuleti le-TSA bese ulibeka endaweni yokuhlola.Amasampuli azothathwa lapho evezwe emoyeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30 izikhathi ezihlukene, bese ekhuliswa ukuze kubalwe ikoloni.Amazinga ahlukene okuhlanzeka adinga ukubalwa kwekholoni ehlukene.

U-Mueller Hinton agar:

I-MH medium iyinhlangano ye-microbial medium esetshenziselwa ukuthola ukumelana kwama-microorganisms kuma-antibiotics.Iwumthombo ongakhethi lapho ama-microorganisms amaningi angakhula khona.Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitashi ezithako singamunca ubuthi obukhishwe amagciwane, ngakho-ke ngeke kuthinte imiphumela yokusebenza kwama-antibiotic.Ukwakhiwa kwe-MH medium kukhululekile, okwenza kube lula ukusabalalisa ama-antibiotics, ukuze kubonise indawo yokuvimbela ukukhula okusobala.Embonini yezempilo yaseChina, i-MH medium isetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa kokuzwela izidakamizwa.Lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokuzwela kwezidakamizwa kwamanye amagciwane akhethekile, njenge-Streptococcus pneumoniae, igazi lezimvu elingu-5% kanye ne-NAD kungase kwengezwe endaweni ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlukene zokudla okunomsoco.

I-SS agar:

I-SS agar ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukuzihlukanisa okukhethekile nesiko le-Salmonella ne-Shigella.Ivimbela amagciwane e-gram-positive, ama-coliform amaningi kanye ne-proteus, kodwa ayithinti ukukhula kwe-salmonella;I-sodium thiosulfate ne-ferric citrate isetshenziselwa ukubona ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen sulfide, okwenza isikhungo sekholoni sibe mnyama;Okubomvu okumaphakathi kuyinkomba ye-pH.Iqoqo elikhiqiza i-asidi likashukela ovubelayo libomvu, futhi iqoqo likashukela ongavubeli alinambala.I-Salmonella iyikoloni engenambala futhi esobala enesikhungo esimnyama noma esingenayo, futhi i-Shigella ayinambala futhi ikoloni esobala.